What is TMD?

Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD) refers to a group of conditions affecting the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) — the hinge connecting the jaw to the skull. These disorders can cause pain, restricted jaw movement, and joint noises such as clicking or popping. TMD affects up to 12% of the population and is more common in women aged 20–40 years (Durham et al., 2015).

Common Causes

  • Teeth clenching or grinding (bruxism).
  • Jaw injury or trauma.
  • Poor posture affecting neck and jaw alignment.
  • Arthritis or joint inflammation.
  • Stress-related muscle tension.

Treatment Options

WCCC management may include:

  • Gentle chiropractic adjustments to improve neck and jaw alignment.
  • Soft tissue therapy targeting the muscles of the jaw, neck, and upper back.
  • Postural and ergonomic advice to reduce strain on the TMJ.
  • Home exercises and relaxation strategies to improve mobility and reduce tension.
  • Collaboration with dental or medical practitioners when multidisciplinary care is required.

References:

  • Durham J, et al. Temporomandibular disorders (TMD): an overview. Br J Pain. 2015;9(3): 102–108.
  • Ohrbach R, Dworkin SF. The evolution of TMD diagnosis: past, present, future. J Dent Res. 2016;95(10):1093–1101.